Introduction

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1.1.1 Automotive industry
1.1.2 Modern car

1.1.1 Automotive industry

This one of the fastest growing industries. Tens of millions of units of equipment are sold all over the world every year and a there are almost a hundred of manufacturing companies. This all is about cars. Car industry is in third place in terms of technology development. Only space and aviation industries are ahead of it. Moreover, the car industry constantly uses developments that are borrowed from their older “brothers”. Cheap, expensive, sporty and not so, cars are constantly becoming part of our lives. The future or already established driver, on his part, is no longer just a consumer - a person who knows only how to start, stop and how to drive a car. He is driven by strong curiosity, because it is interesting and prestigious to know what makes a car move. Various media and bloggers, whose reviews of brands and models are full of various terms and abbreviations of systems and mechanisms, make their contribution. No one wants to lag behind them. On the contrary, there is a desire to be, as they say, in a trend. Technical knowledge will never be superfluous, for example, while visiting a car service shop. You can't be an underperformer in vital matters. Choosing a car, its correct operation and proper maintenance are directly related to knowledge of its design and the features of the device of certain units. After all, you learn the principles of operating the smartphone after buying it. What for? You do this in order to use all its resources as efficiently as possible, while trying not to break down this device. The same situation considers a car.

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1.1.2 Modern car

Paradoxically, but true: a modern car is as complex as it is simple. This is so due to the fact that the basic elements that make a car, remain, in fact, unchanged for almost hundred years. Only some elements become more complex, some new auxiliary systems are added. These systems that develop constantly expand their functionality (this, for example, happened with the anti-lock braking system - with the addition of certain software, a system of exchange rate stability, which uses all the elements of ABS, appeared). Everything is done for improving safety and comfort while driving. But, when returning to the issue of knowledge, even basic, we can make the conclusion that it can be useful while buying a new (or old, but regular) car. The “sweet words” of sales managers in a car dealership about the urgent need for a particular system in a car can confuse anyone, but not a person who clearly knows what these systems are used for. And the story about the 6 liters’ fuel consumption of a two-liter gasoline engine (if it is not a hybrid power unit) can be decisive while choosing a car. However, a knowledge-sophisticated driver will immediately ask again which consumption cycle - urban, suburban or mixed - is indicated. You can be pretty sure that this question will at least discourage the seller.

All of the aforementioned issues and peculiarities are described in this textbook. Having studied it, it will be possible to understand what makes the car move, what elements it consists of and why they are needed. What systems are used in modern vehicles. According to what parameters and how are cars classified When starting the work on this edition, the author set himself the goal to explain a sufficiently difficult theoretical model of car arrangement in the most accessible form.