Так, в офіційних питаннях для отримання посвідчення водія в цьому конкретному питанні за "правильну" вважають відповідь "відсутність дихання".
Із професійної медичної точки зору це, як Ви справедливо пишете, виглядає нелогічно й навіть небезпечно, бо відсутність дихання не завжди означає зупинку серця, а зупинка серця безпомилково встановлюється відсутністю пульсу, а не навпаки.
Тим не менш, у цих питаннях розмовляють не з лікарем, а з водієм: відповідь "відсутність дихання" є виробничим, методичним вибором, який вчить людей діяти швидко, не гаяти час на складні оцінки пульсу чи зіниць, навіть якщо це й не відповідає строгій медичній логіці.
Ми не можемо відразу визначити причину, чому людина не дихає, і при аспірації стороннім тілом серцево‑легеневу реанімацію не роблять без відновлення провідності дихальних шляхів. Саме тому в професійній практиці так важливо спочатку оцінити стан дихання, пульс і загалом картину, а не автоматично "качати" всіх, хто не дихає.
У тих же екзаменаційних питання для отримання посвідчення водія принцип інший: алгоритм заточений під умову "людина без свідомості й не дихає нормально" - одразу приймається, що це стан зупинки кровообігу, і відразу починаються компресії. Це не враховує, що причиною може бути закупорка, занадто слабке серцебиття, або інші стани, які вимагають інших дій. Тому з Вашого боку, як медика, така відповідь природно виглядає некоректною - вона спрощує реальність, щоб відповідати рівню непідготовленого водія, а не фахівця.
Дійсно, якщо серце припинило битися, то і пульс на сонній артерії повинен бути відсутній - один пульсовий поштовх відповідає одному серцевому скороченню. Тому в клінічному розумінні відсутність пульсу - це пряма ознака зупинки кровообігу, а не просто супутній феномен.
Проте, у цьому питанні йдеться не про клінічну діагностику, а про базовий алгоритм для водіїв, яким указують діяти при відсутності нормального дихання, не вимагаючи від них точного підрахунку пульсу. Це не відповідає строгій медичній логіці, але спрямоване на те, щоб у стресі люди не гаяли час на складні оцінки і відразу почали допомогу. Тому відповідь у питанні, швидше, методично "правильна" для непрофесіонала, анатомічно ж вона дійсно виглядає суперечливо.
Лікар Швидкої допомоги в такій дискусії, по суті, скоріше за все, сказав би так: у клінічній практиці зупинку кровообігу дійсно підтверджують відсутністю пульсу на великих артеріях, але для немедиків у базовому навчанні свідомо використовують принцип "нема нормального дихання в непритомної людини - діємо як при зупинці серця". Це компроміс між медичною точністю та реальністю стресової ситуації: більшість непідготовлених людей не зможе швидко й надійно знайти пульс, а час при зупинці кровообігу йде на хвилини. Тому в питаннях для отримання посвідчення водія відповідь про відсутність дихання є не "ідеально медичною", а методичною - заточеною під безпечний, швидкий алгоритм дій для водія, а не для лікаря.
Almost everyone imagined as if he or she is driving a car. To make this dream come true you need not so much to do: it's enough to take courses in a driving school, to learn the Traffic Rules of Ukraine, to train driving and, ultimately, to get a driving license on having passed exams. Judging by the amount of cars crashes on the roads of our country as well as their major reasons, driver's training still remains insufficient. It's not a secret in what way "driving license" is issued in a driving school. Unfortunately, the eradication of corruption is only at the initial stage in Ukraine. But positive trends of this work are visible. Currently, the function to carry out driving license exam is assigned to Major Service Center of Ukraine (MSC). Professionals of the center presented absolutely new and unique system of testing young drivers. Whereas we had been working side by side with them, so we tried to help them to embody the concepts as soon as possible and, finally, to legislate radically new improved program of testing which comply with European standards.
In order for the preparation for the exam to be as efficient as possible, you will need traffic regulations developed on the same basis as the Tests. We strongly recommend downloading the mobile app!
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We sincerely believe that the era when the driver's license was received “for fat” left irrevocably. Now you can prepare for the exam yourself without any problems, you need only a little time! Believe me, this time will pay off more than once, because the safety of your life and the lives of others will depend on it. Therefore, get a few hours a day from social media - and you will succeed! :)
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Do the questions on the site correspond to the official ones presented in the service center?
Our test questions are 100% compliant with the official ones, for which theoretical exams are taken in the service centers of Ukraine.
All other resources that claim that their test items are official, mislead you. The illustrations are modified and irrelevant text is placed in them. Preparing with the help of such resources, you can get confused on the official exam and simply do not pass it.
Frequently asked questions
To use all the features of the service, you must register. After registration, a personal account will be created for you in which you can monitor your progress, compete in knowledge with other students, as well as perform work on errors in a timely manner.
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In the exam mode, the same questions are repeated. Why?
The question matching algorithm works in accordance with the distribution scheme for a real exam at a service center. Repeated questions simply relate to topics in which there are few questions (for example: 7 topic (8 questions), 17 (8), 21 (8), 22 (6), 25 (8), etc.). Therefore, repetitions of these topics will occur much more often.
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There are two ranking tables in service. The first table is made based on the best time of passing a test. The second one is made based on the amount of gained scores. Scores are added for achievements in doing tests (correct answers, passing a test without mistakes, etc).
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The correct answer in the "20 random questions" mode: +1 point.
Wrong answer in the "20 random questions" mode: -1 point.
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5 correct answers in a row in the "20 random questions" mode: +2 points.
5 correct answers in a row in the "Exam" mode: +3 points.
7 correct answers in a row in the "20 random questions" mode: +3 points.
7 correct answers in a row in the "Exam" mode: + 4 points.
10 correct answers in a row in the mode "20 random questions": +4 points.
10 correct answers in a row in the mode "Exam": +5 points.
15 correct answers in a row in the mode "20 random questions": +5 points.
15 correct answers in a row in the "Exam" mode: +6 points.
18 correct answers in a row in the mode "20 random questions": +6 points.
18 correct answers in a row in the mode "Exam": +7 points.
If, within the framework of one test, the correct answers are less than the wrong answers, the total for the test is 0 points.
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If you are a driving school teacher, then you have the opportunity to monitor the performance of your study group with the help of our service. To use the unique features of the service, you must perform the following steps:
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all your invitations will be displayed below previously added students. You have the opportunity to delete the invitation, and if during the day the student does not accept the invitation, it will be possible to resend the invitation to him.
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User comments
Так, в офіційних питаннях для отримання посвідчення водія в цьому конкретному питанні за "правильну" вважають відповідь "відсутність дихання".
Із професійної медичної точки зору це, як Ви справедливо пишете, виглядає нелогічно й навіть небезпечно, бо відсутність дихання не завжди означає зупинку серця, а зупинка серця безпомилково встановлюється відсутністю пульсу, а не навпаки.
Тим не менш, у цих питаннях розмовляють не з лікарем, а з водієм: відповідь "відсутність дихання" є виробничим, методичним вибором, який вчить людей діяти швидко, не гаяти час на складні оцінки пульсу чи зіниць, навіть якщо це й не відповідає строгій медичній логіці.
Яка ознака зупинки серця у постраждалих враховується в базовому алгоритмі серцево-легеневої реанімації:
Go to the questionМи не можемо відразу визначити причину, чому людина не дихає, і при аспірації стороннім тілом серцево‑легеневу реанімацію не роблять без відновлення провідності дихальних шляхів. Саме тому в професійній практиці так важливо спочатку оцінити стан дихання, пульс і загалом картину, а не автоматично "качати" всіх, хто не дихає.
У тих же екзаменаційних питання для отримання посвідчення водія принцип інший: алгоритм заточений під умову "людина без свідомості й не дихає нормально" - одразу приймається, що це стан зупинки кровообігу, і відразу починаються компресії. Це не враховує, що причиною може бути закупорка, занадто слабке серцебиття, або інші стани, які вимагають інших дій. Тому з Вашого боку, як медика, така відповідь природно виглядає некоректною - вона спрощує реальність, щоб відповідати рівню непідготовленого водія, а не фахівця.
Яка ознака зупинки серця у постраждалих враховується в базовому алгоритмі серцево-легеневої реанімації:
Go to the questionДійсно, якщо серце припинило битися, то і пульс на сонній артерії повинен бути відсутній - один пульсовий поштовх відповідає одному серцевому скороченню. Тому в клінічному розумінні відсутність пульсу - це пряма ознака зупинки кровообігу, а не просто супутній феномен.
Проте, у цьому питанні йдеться не про клінічну діагностику, а про базовий алгоритм для водіїв, яким указують діяти при відсутності нормального дихання, не вимагаючи від них точного підрахунку пульсу. Це не відповідає строгій медичній логіці, але спрямоване на те, щоб у стресі люди не гаяли час на складні оцінки і відразу почали допомогу. Тому відповідь у питанні, швидше, методично "правильна" для непрофесіонала, анатомічно ж вона дійсно виглядає суперечливо.
Яка ознака зупинки серця у постраждалих враховується в базовому алгоритмі серцево-легеневої реанімації:
Go to the questionЛікар Швидкої допомоги в такій дискусії, по суті, скоріше за все, сказав би так: у клінічній практиці зупинку кровообігу дійсно підтверджують відсутністю пульсу на великих артеріях, але для немедиків у базовому навчанні свідомо використовують принцип "нема нормального дихання в непритомної людини - діємо як при зупинці серця". Це компроміс між медичною точністю та реальністю стресової ситуації: більшість непідготовлених людей не зможе швидко й надійно знайти пульс, а час при зупинці кровообігу йде на хвилини. Тому в питаннях для отримання посвідчення водія відповідь про відсутність дихання є не "ідеально медичною", а методичною - заточеною під безпечний, швидкий алгоритм дій для водія, а не для лікаря.
Яка ознака зупинки серця у постраждалих враховується в базовому алгоритмі серцево-легеневої реанімації:
Go to the question