Вступ.
Для початку - трохи історії питання. Можливо, у багатьох викличе здивування той факт, що транспорт на електротязі вже встиг відзначити 180-річний ювілей, тобто вік його років на 50 перевершує «класичні» автомобілі з ДВЗ (двигунами внутрішнього згоряння). Поштовхом до появи електромобілів стало відкриття явища електромагнітної індукції. І ось, в 1841 році світу був представлений перший екземпляр - візок з електромотором. Він і став, по суті, першим електромобілем. Хоча, багато істориків з цим не згодні. Вони стверджують, що в період з 1830 по 1840 роки існували, як мінімум, три подібні конструкції - Р. Андерсона, Р. Девідсона і Т. Девенпорта. Всі вони були досить громіздкими і рухалися зі швидкістю до 4 км / год. Технічний прогрес в цьому напрямку гальмувала відсутність на той момент АКБ (акумуляторних батарей), здатних забезпечити необхідний запас енергії.
І тільки в середині 80-х років ХІХ століття, завдяки французу Гастону Планте, з'явилися досить легкі і ємні АКБ, але, найголовніше, вони мали здатність багаторазово заряджатися. Це породило справжній бум у створенні електромобілів і аж до початку ХХ століття, зараз в це важко повірити, мало хто розглядав серйозно перспективи двигуна внутрішнього згоряння.
Електромобіль тих часів розвивав цілком пристойну швидкість - близько 30 км / год, рухався практично беззвучно і був досить простим в управлінні у порівнянні з авто з ДВС. Навіть перші рекорди швидкості і ті належать електромобілям - 63 км / год в 1895 році і вже 105 км / год в 1899-му.
У перше десятиліття ХХ століття, завдяки збільшенню швидкості і дальності автономного пробігу, електромобілі отримали досить велике поширення - їх використовували і в якості громадського транспорту, і в таксі, швидкій допомозі, і як пожежні автомобілі. Однак, бензиновий (дизельний) двигун всеж-таки дочекався свого зоряного часу і практично витіснив електротягу. Сталося це через цілу низку причин - були відкриті і почали розроблятися багатющі родовища нафти, за короткий термін були побудовані тисячі кілометрів доріг, що дозволило подорожувати на далекі відстані (а електромобіль, з його невеликими пробігами без підзарядки, був для цієї мети не пристосований) і , нарешті, виробники машин з ДВЗ навчилися робити автомобілі більш досконалими технічно і, що важливо, більш дешевими. Саме ці чинники штовхнули «гойдалки» в сторону ДВЗ так сильно, що до 1930 року випуск електромобілів був практично припинений.
Якщо не брати до уваги міський електротранспорт (трамваї, тролейбуси), електровози на залізниці і складську техніку (штабелери, навантажувачі), автомобілі,що димлять і отруюють повітря, безроздільно володіли нашими дорогами аж до кінця 80-х - початку 90-х років минулого століття . Повернутися до ідеї електротяги людство змусили екологічна катастрофа, що погрожує світу, і реальна перспектива виснаження нафтових запасів. Правда, у перші часи використання електромобілів обмежувалося фургончиками і дрібними вантажівками для міського розвезення товарів. Масове виробництво легкових автомобілів і їх використання почалося на межі століть, коли багато держав серйозно посилили законодавство з охорони навколишнього середовища.
Сьогодні електромобіль - невід'ємна частина міського трафіку, ми вже припинили реагувати на них, як на екзотику. Але, всеж-таки, проблема вибору між ДВЗ і електродвигуном поки ще існує у багатьох, хто замислюється про придбання транспортного засобу. Саме про це ми і поговоримо нижче.
Spodіvaєmosya, so that everything was honored, and having removed the new knowledge. I’m sure that the stench will come in handy more than once!
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Frequently asked questions
Do the questions on the site correspond to the official ones presented in the service center?
Our test questions are 100% compliant with the official ones, for which theoretical exams are taken in the service centers of Ukraine.
All other resources that claim that their test items are official, mislead you. The illustrations are modified and irrelevant text is placed in them. Preparing with the help of such resources, you can get confused on the official exam and simply do not pass it.
Frequently asked questions
To use all the features of the service, you must register. After registration, a personal account will be created for you in which you can monitor your progress, compete in knowledge with other students, as well as perform work on errors in a timely manner.
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How do I activate a pro-account?
You can purchase a pro-account using this link.
What is a "Promocode" and where can I get it?
A promotional code for a discount when purchasing a Pro account can only be obtained from your teacher, if he is registered in our service.
In the exam mode, the same questions are repeated. Why?
The question matching algorithm works in accordance with the distribution scheme for a real exam at a service center. Repeated questions simply relate to topics in which there are few questions (for example: 7 topic (8 questions), 17 (8), 21 (8), 22 (6), 25 (8), etc.). Therefore, repetitions of these topics will occur much more often.
How is the service rating table formed?
There are two ranking tables in service. The first table is made based on the best time of passing a test. The second one is made based on the amount of gained scores. Scores are added for achievements in doing tests (correct answers, passing a test without mistakes, etc).
How are points awarded?
The correct answer in the "20 random questions" mode: +1 point.
Wrong answer in the "20 random questions" mode: -1 point.
The correct answer in the "Exam" mode: +2 points.
Wrong answer in the “Exam” mode: -2 points.
5 correct answers in a row in the "20 random questions" mode: +2 points.
5 correct answers in a row in the "Exam" mode: +3 points.
7 correct answers in a row in the "20 random questions" mode: +3 points.
7 correct answers in a row in the "Exam" mode: + 4 points.
10 correct answers in a row in the mode "20 random questions": +4 points.
10 correct answers in a row in the mode "Exam": +5 points.
15 correct answers in a row in the mode "20 random questions": +5 points.
15 correct answers in a row in the "Exam" mode: +6 points.
18 correct answers in a row in the mode "20 random questions": +6 points.
18 correct answers in a row in the mode "Exam": +7 points.
If, within the framework of one test, the correct answers are less than the wrong answers, the total for the test is 0 points.
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In your personal account in the tab “Teachers” you need to perform the following actions:
- create a new group or select a previously created one, it is highlighted in green "
- in the pop-up window in the field, enter the student's e-mail address and click "Invite". Your invitation has been sent. The student will receive a letter in the mail that the teacher has invited him to the group.
- the student should follow the link from the letter. If he is registered and logged in on the site - he will automatically be added to your group. If registered, but not logged in to your account, the system prompts you to first log in and after that it can be added to the group. If a student is not registered - the system will offer to complete the registration procedure and after that he will be able to add to the group.
- all your invitations will be displayed below previously added students. You have the opportunity to delete the invitation, and if during the day the student does not accept the invitation, it will be possible to resend the invitation to him.
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- All questions of the resource (100% compliance with GSC).
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- All questions of the resource (100% compliance with GSC).
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- Create and invite students to groups and track their progress.
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- Using the resource without advertising (provided that the students of your driving school are tested in the "Exam" section).
- Display in the rating table of driving schools.
- Detailed analysis of student performance.
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- Ability to create your own lessons.
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- All paid third-party courses are available to you for free.