Intake and exhaust system

4.10.10 An exhaust manifold

The exhaust manifold (schematically shown in Figure 4.43) is a part, which is installed directly on the cylinder head and designed to redirect exhaust gases further into the exhaust pipe.

This element of the exhaust system gets very hot, that’s why in modern cars it is covered with a thermal insulating cover. The exhaust manifold can have different shapes. It can be manufactured in different ways and represent a cast part or a set of pipes (see Figure 4.44) of the same length, bent into bizarre shapes (in everyday life it is often called a "spider"). This is done in order to improve the removal of exhaust gases from one cylinder due to the vacuum, which is created by the exhaust of gases from another (the next according to the "stroke").

Figure 4.44 Engine with exhaust manifold, which consists of pipes.